9,106 research outputs found
Community Structure in Time-Dependent, Multiscale, and Multiplex Networks
Network science is an interdisciplinary endeavor, with methods and
applications drawn from across the natural, social, and information sciences. A
prominent problem in network science is the algorithmic detection of
tightly-connected groups of nodes known as communities. We developed a
generalized framework of network quality functions that allowed us to study the
community structure of arbitrary multislice networks, which are combinations of
individual networks coupled through links that connect each node in one network
slice to itself in other slices. This framework allows one to study community
structure in a very general setting encompassing networks that evolve over
time, have multiple types of links (multiplexity), and have multiple scales.Comment: 31 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Includes main text and supporting
material. This is the accepted version of the manuscript (the definitive
version appeared in Science), with typographical corrections included her
Initiating and Sustaining Female Networks in Computer Science and IT
Over the last decade, several networks and communities for women in IT have been initiated. It has been known that specific needs for support exist where members of a minority have difficulties in finding like-minded people in their everyday environment. This paper investigates different forms of female networks in Computer Science and IT. In particular, it analyses forms of network initiation, which often involve face-to-face meetings at regular events like conferences or, increasingly, at summer universities for female students. We conducted three studies to identify the attendees' expectations and needs for support using questionnaires, interviews, and a wiki analysis. This paper aims at identifying effective strategies for initiating female networks
The Politics of Commerce : The Congress of Chambers of Commerce of the Empire, 1886-1914
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Community Structure in the United States House of Representatives
We investigate the networks of committee and subcommittee assignments in the
United States House of Representatives from the 101st--108th Congresses, with
the committees connected by ``interlocks'' or common membership. We examine the
community structure in these networks using several methods, revealing strong
links between certain committees as well as an intrinsic hierarchical structure
in the House as a whole. We identify structural changes, including additional
hierarchical levels and higher modularity, resulting from the 1994 election, in
which the Republican party earned majority status in the House for the first
time in more than forty years. We also combine our network approach with
analysis of roll call votes using singular value decomposition to uncover
correlations between the political and organizational structure of House
committees.Comment: 44 pages, 13 figures (some with multiple parts and most in color), 9
tables, to appear in Physica A; new figures and revised discussion (including
extra introductory material) for this versio
National in form, Putinist in content: minority institutions âoutside politicsâ
Over the past three decades, Russia has developed a set of institutions for the management of ethno-linguistic diversity based on the principle of ânational cultural autonomyâ. This article examines the positioning of these institutions within Russian society, arguing that while state-endorsed discourses locate them within the culture sphereâtreated as distinct from political processesâthere is in fact an interpenetration of âpoliticsâ and âcultureâ. The article identifies why these institutions position themselves within the âcultural sphereâ while also supporting the countryâs meta-narratives on inter-ethnic tolerance and, effectively, the political status quo. Soviet legacies of inter-ethnic relations continue to be socially embedded, yet within this framework some dissenting voices are also discerned
Community Structure in Congressional Cosponsorship Networks
We study the United States Congress by constructing networks between Members
of Congress based on the legislation that they cosponsor. Using the concept of
modularity, we identify the community structure of Congressmen, as connected
via sponsorship/cosponsorship of the same legislation, to investigate the
collaborative communities of legislators in both chambers of Congress. This
analysis yields an explicit and conceptually clear measure of political
polarization, demonstrating a sharp increase in partisan polarization which
preceded and then culminated in the 104th Congress (1995-1996), when
Republicans took control of both chambers. Although polarization has since
waned in the U.S. Senate, it remains at historically high levels in the House
of Representatives.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures (some with multiple parts), to appear in Physica
A; additional background info and explanations added from last versio
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